Margit Stange’s Literary Criticism of Chopin’s The Awakening Essay

Margit Stange’s Literary Criticism of Chopin’s The Awakening Kate Chopin made Edna Pontellier, however neither the character nor her maker was separated from the world in which Chopin lived. As a way to comprehend the decisions Chopin gave Edna, Margit Stange assesses The Awakening with regards to the women's activist belief system of the late nineteenth century. In particular, she contends that Edna is looking for what Chopin’s peers meant self-proprietorship, a thought that rotated on sexual decision and â€Å"voluntary motherhood† (276). Stange makes a progression of important associations between Kate Chopin’s performance of Edna Pontellier’s â€Å"awakening† and the verifiable setting of women's activist idea that Stange accepts affected the novel. For instance, she compares Edna’s journey for monetary autonomy with the late nineteenth century’s Married Women’s Property Acts, which tried to give wedded ladies more prominent power over their property and profit. Eventually, Stange acc epts, Edna’s arousing, her securing of self-assurance, originates from distinguishing and re-circulating what she possesses, which Stange contends is her body, much as contemporary women's activist scholars examined what she calls women’s â€Å"sexual trade value† (281). Extra references to reformers, for example, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Charlotte Perkins Gilman, just as the legitimate guidelines of femme seule and femme couverte brace Stange’s position that Edna’s encounters are an impression of authentic reality, regardless of whether a portion of the conditions are somewhat unpleasant. Chopin, Stange notes, is mindful so as to isolate Edna the spouse from Edna the lady †â€Å"Mrs. Pontellier† becomes â€Å"Edna† in the content, and afterward â€Å"Mrs. Pontellier† again when her feeling of self-possession again appears to be lost. Chopin... ...alls a â€Å"moment of extraordinary maternal giving,† Stanton contended for women’s right to an open voice on the grounds that â€Å"‘alone [woman] goes to the entryways of death to offer life to each man that is naturally introduced to the world; nobody can share her apprehensions, nobody can alleviate her aches; and if her distress is more prominent than she can hold up under, alone she goes past the doors into the tremendous unknown’† (289). Chopin may have had a more clear handle of the tremendous hold of the talk of parenthood than Stange recognizes. Edna at â€Å"the doors of death† might be a lady trapped in an advancing origination of self-possession, troubled by the distress of understanding that she can just actually claim what she does not need anymore, in light of the fact that what she needs is yet outside her ability to comprehend. Edna’s trap is to be sure an authentic reflection, a remark on the turbulent, even savag e, advancement of philosophies, desires, decisions, and real factors.

Dementia Essays

Dementia Essays Dementia Essay Dementia Essay There are numerous reasons for dementia,including neurological clutters, for example, Alchemies s disease,blood stream related (vascular) disarranges, for example, multi-infarct disease,inherited scatters, for example, Huntington s illness and contaminations, for example, HIVE. The most widely recognized reasons for dementia include: Degenerative neurological ailments, for example, Alchemies s,dementia with Lee dies,Parkinson s and Huntington s. Vascular scatters, ,for example, different infarct dementia,which is causes by various strokes in the cerebrum. Contaminations that influence the focal anxious system,such as HIVE dementia complex and Credulity-Jacob infection. Constant medication use. Wretchedness. Specific kinds of hydrocephalus,an amassing of liquid in the mind that vehicle result from formative or cerebrum tumors. Alchemies ;s infection causes 50-70% of all dementia. Notwithstanding ,analysts are finding that some Of what was recently viewed as Alchemies s ailment is extremely one of two other degenerative maladies: Eely body and Pick s ease-There likewise are various other significant issue that can prompt dementia-Some of these are possibly reversible,at least somewhat and ought to be considered before a determination of Alchemies s ailment is made. 2. Portray the presumable signs and manifestations of the most widely recognized reasons for dementia. The principal indications of dementia are momentary memory misfortune. Side effects of dementia are reliant upon the zones of mind are influenced and the key side effects are include: Loss of memory-Forgetting some ongoing occurrences and powerlessness to review data, Disorientation-individuals overlook their natural environmental factors neighborhood, thinking about how they arrived and don't have the foggiest idea how to get back home. Correspondence individuals experiencing dementia overlook straightforward words and substitute some immaterial words in their speech,this making it hard to comprehend for the audience. Conceptual reasoning individuals experiencing dementia experience difficulty completing basic computations, for example, including numbers and at times even overlook the motivation behind numbers and count. Poor or diminished judgment-individuals enduring with dementia have misguided thinking and don't have the foggiest idea how to respond IR crises. Execution of recognizable errands individuals face trouble in improving day by day exercises, for example, setting up a dinner or coffee,operating an oven,making calls Etc Mood or conduct changes-individuals experiencing dementia show quick changes in states of mind, for example, a glad/upbeat temperament to tears or outrage for no clear explanation. Losing articles-individuals with dementia will in general lose articles in abnormal places,such as putting a wristwatch in a sugar bowl,etc. Loss of activity individuals become uninvolved sitting in front of the TV for longer duration,sleeping for longer hours and not performing typical exercises. Change in character sensational changes in unreasonableness of individuals experiencing dementia are additionally watched. 3. Tontine the hazard factors for the most widely recognized reasons for dementia. There are many hazard variables of dementia,many of which are because of harm or changes in the mind: Certain malady, for example, Alchemies s ,Parkinson s,Eely body ailments. Certain illnesses that influence the veins because of stroke Which can cause multi-infarct dementia. Exorbitant utilization of liquor and medications. Inadequacy in nourishment, for example, nutrient BIB and foliate insufficiency. Contaminations, for example, AIDS,dementia complex and Credulity-Jacob malady . Gather f liquid (hydrocephalus) in the mind can prompt formative abnormalities,injuries, as well as cerebrum tumors. Head wounds might be a solitary serious physical issue or a few wounds as on account of fighters, Illness of the child or liver,lung diseases. 4. Distinguish predominance rates for various kinds of dementia. Commonness paces of various kinds of dementia to include: pervasiveness expanding in 6 (20%) individuals beyond 80 a years old a type of psychotic The predominance rates in the UK (I. E. How visit dementia happens population)as per 2013 figures dependent on Alchemists Society look into. 40-unfulfilled obligations 1 of every 100 5-69 years-1 of every 100 70-79 years 1 of every 25 80+ years 1 out of 6 The quantity Of individuals with these various kinds Of dementia would then be able to be separated into the accompanying: Alchemists Disease 62%, Vascular dementia 17%, Dementia with I-eve. . Beam Bodies 4%, Front-transient Dementia 2%. Insights: 835,000 individuals with various sorts of dementia in 2014(Alchemies s society AAA)- England 700. 000 (84%), Scotland Wales 45,000 (5%), Northern Ireland 20,000 (2%). 40,000 more youthful individuals with dementia in 201 3; 25,000 individuals from dark in 2013. Result 4 Understand factors identifying with an individual s experience of . Depict how various people may encounter living with dementia relying upon age,type of dementia,and level of capacity and handicap. An analysis of dementia will bigly affect your life. You and yours family may stress over to what extent you can think about yourself *specially in the event that you live alone. Individuals with dementia can stay autonomous for quite a while however will require support from loved ones. LIVING AT HOME in the careful phases of dementia ,numerous individuals with dementia can care for their homes similarly as before their finding. As the disease deteriorates ,individuals with dementia think that its hard to take care of their homes and will ones assistance with every day exercises, for example, housework and shopping . They may likewise require adjustments to their home to keep themselves safe,mobile and autonomous. KEEPING ACTIVE-People with dementia should keep on making the most of their side interests and interests. These exercises are charming and keep individuals alert and animated so they keep up an enthusiasm forever. Try not to preclude a movement basically on the grounds that you or your relative has dementia. Exercises may change as the ailment gets worse,but individuals with dementia can and should aim to make the most of their extra time.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing PTSD Treatment Print Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 29, 2020 eurobanks /Shutterstock More in PTSD Treatment Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions PTSD and the Military Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for PTSD as well as other mental health conditions (see below). The treatment  brings together your traumatic memories and positive thoughts and beliefs to help reduce the distress stemming from your traumatic event. With these thoughts and images in mind, you will be asked to also pay attention to an outside stimulus such as eye movements or finger tappings guided by the therapist. EMDR treatment focuses on the PTSD-related aspects of the major time periods in your life:   The past: Distressing, trauma-related events, and memoriesThe present: Current situations that are causing you distressThe future: Development of skills and attitudes you can use to take positive actions What Happens During EMDR Treatment? Step 1. Your EMDR therapist will start the session by asking you to bring to mind emotionally unpleasant memories, images, thoughts about yourself, and body sensations that stem from your traumatic event. Then, at the same time as you hold these thoughts and images in your mind, your therapist will ask you to pay attention to an outside stimulus.  For example, you could be asked to move your eyes back and forth to follow the movements of the therapists hand. Step 2. Youll deep-breathe and then discuss with your therapist any new distressing thoughts that came into your mind during Step 1. Step 3. Youll repeat Step 1, this time concentrating on the new thoughts you reported in Step 2, then finish as in Step 2. Typically this cycle is repeated until your distress is reduced. Over the prescribed number of sessions, you may gain more insight into the way your traumatic event has affected you, change some of your behaviors, and be able to move forward more positively into the future. Who Else Does EMDR Help? You may be interested to know that, since the first clinical study of its effectiveness in 1989, EMDR has helped not only people with PTSD but also those with other types of mental health conditions. They include: Combat veterans from World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the wars in Iraq and AfghanistanPeople with phobias, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and generalized anxiety disorderCrime victims, police officers, and firefightersPeople suffering extreme griefSexual assault victimsPeople affected by family, marital and sexual dysfunctionAdults and adolescents diagnosed with depression How It Works EMDR is believed to work by building new connections in your memory between your traumatic memories and positive information, enabling the positive information to have more influence on your trauma-related thinking. However, you should be aware that it is not yet certain how EMDR works. It may work in a  way similar to a technique called exposure therapy, but researchers are still uncertain. In addition, there has been some criticism of the studies done to evaluate its effectiveness. You can read more about eye movement desensitization and reprocessing  therapy at the EMDR Institute website. Struggling with PTSD? ART May Help

Effects Of Parental Divorce On Adolescents - 1273 Words

Adolescent Adjustment and Well-being: Effects of Parental Divorce and Distress The purpose of this study is to try and explore the long term effects on psychological adjustments experienced by adolescents as a result of parental divorce and the extent they are accounted for by parental psychological distress. The key objectives of this study include 1) the school problems associated with parental divorce on adolescents. 2) Symptoms, which will most probably be evident in such cases, which include anxiety and depression. 3) The subjective well/being of adolescents especially in regards to parental divorce 4) the distress occasioned by such occurrences on adolescents. The aim here is to try and a) describe the research methodology, b) explain the sample selection, c) describe the procedure used in designing the instrument and collecting the data, and d) provide an explanation of the statistical procedures used to analyze the data. The study collected and collated data on 8,984 Nor wegian adolescents in the age bracket of between 13-19 years together with their parents Also discovered was the notion of â€Å"double exposure effects† that significantly contributed to such issues. To be noted was the idea that divorce and parental distress was a great contributor that was independent in regards to adolescent distress. The study came up with a figure of 14% of adolescents who were non-distressed with non-divorced parents and 30% of those who had divorced. It wasShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Parental Relationship and Parent-Child Relationship on Adolescents’ Self-Esteem in Divorce Family5062 Words   |  21 PagesThe Effects of Parental Relationship and Parent-Child Relationship on Adolescents’ Self-esteem in Divorce Family Abstract Past western researches have shown support on the associations of parental and parent-child relationships towards adolescents’ self-esteem (SE) in intact and divorce families. Some theories attributed that the qualities of these relationships do have influences on how adolescent evaluate themselves. Our research proposal will analyze the effects of these two relationshipsRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Adolescent Development Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesof marriage by court called divorce. According to Pickhard (2009) many statistics suggest around 50% of first marriages divorce. Divorce can have tremendous impacting effects on those experiencing it. Not only does divorce effect parents, but it furthermore impacts adolescents as well. Adolescents may sometimes have a hard time dealing with the separation of their parents as they are going through crucial life changes as well. It is a key concern of the influence divorce has on adolescent’s developmentRead MoreEssa y about Depression and Anxiety in Persons with Divorced Parents1184 Words   |  5 PagesParents In the recent years, divorce rates have been continually trending upwards (Reiter, Hjorleifsson, Breidablik, Meland, 2013). It is factual that children who have parents that have divorced typically face more obstacles in numerous aspects of life than children who have married parents. Children that experience divorce have up to a 300% increase in probability to be impacted by issues in mental wellbeing than their peers without an incident of divorce in their parental structure (Shifflett Read MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Child Development1194 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Divorce on Child Development I met the love of my life in my financial accounting class. He was charming, and intelligent, and he carried himself well. Early into our relationship I realized underneath this assuring exterior, was a broken, unstable man. He had issues with trust, and he always took many health risks. He explained to me how hard it was for him to attach himself to people because he figured they would leave anyways. Nothing is forever. he seemed to believe. On topRead MoreFamilial Support For Children During The Stressful Period Of Divorce Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pagessupport for children. In many cases, parents or other family members are not able to be as supportive to their children during the stressful period surrounding divorce. One study by Amato (1993) noted that divorce is one of the life’s most stressful occurrences, and adults experience significant difficulty in their life adjustment after the divorce, which may impact their interactions with their children. Parents are less emotionally available during this time (Riggio Valenzuela, 2011), and the helpRead MoreDivorce : The Impact It Has On The Family1541 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce: The Impact It Has On the Family Introduction Marriage is a sacred communion between two people that vows to love each other until the end of time. No one gets married with the intent to divorce. Unfortunately, marriages are challenged with acts of infidelity, change in family incomes, and many other factors. These factors most likely lead to divorce. Divorce perpetually deteriorates the family and the relationship between children and parents. It can lead to negative effects of the familyRead MoreThe Effect Of Divorce On Children847 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome more unmanageable. According to Sirvanli-Ozen, recent studies confirm that the impacts of divorce on children are not restricted to the childhood period but are manifest during adolescence and adulthood as well. Many studies on the subject show that children who have experienced parent divorce have a lower degree of psychological accord and lower socioeconomic status in their adulthood (Amato Keith, 1991b; Biblarz Raftrey, 1993; Ross Mirowsky, 1999; Amato, 1996) and have more problemsRead MoreThe Effects of Unconventional Guardians on the Behavior of Adolescents900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Unconventional Guardians on the Behavior of Adolescents We live in a society in which the unconventional or non-traditional family has become more or less the social norm. More and more households are divided or consist of blended families, single parents, gay and lesbian couples, etc., and it can have a major effect on the behavior of youth of today. A predominant factor in all of this is the incidence of divorce. Two people get married too early and decide to have children, thenRead MoreHow Divorce Affects A Child s Development Essay888 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In today s society, divorce or remarriage rate has been growing rapidly. Divorces is a legal action between married people that is on longer together. Over the last twenty-five years, several studies has indicated that divorce process may affect family characteristics and most especially children s cognitive performance. Divorce changes children s lives through parental emotion and behavior. Divorce may also increase the risk of negative outcomes for youngerRead MoreThe Effects Of Parental Absence On Academic Achievement Of Adolescents1174 Words   |  5 Pages1. Jeynes, William H. (2002). Examining the Effects of Parental Absence on the Academic Achievement of Adolescents: The Challenge of Controlling for Family Income. Journal of Family and Economic Issues 23.2, 189-210. A. The article targets the issue that how parent’s absence has a negative effect on the academic achievements of adolescents. It also discusses how it can be difficult for single-parents to manage family income. B. The article tells that when children lose a custodial parent, they go

The African-American Civil Rights Movement - 1295 Words

The African-American Civil Rights Movement is arguably the largest and most successful push towards toward change in American history. The movement was influenced by some of the biggest figures in American history as well, led by Martin Luther King Jr. and influenced by others such as president Kennedy and Johnson. Amongst the numerous protests and powerful speeches during the Civil Rights Movement perhaps the most prominent is the series of three marches in 1965 known today as the â€Å"Selma to Montgomery† marches. The Selma to Montgomery marches were a series of three marches from Selma to Alabama’s capitol in Alabama There were multiple goals and objectives of these marches but the most obvious was to make the largest impact possible with a nonviolent approach. These marches marked the pinnacle of the movement gaining national attention and even the attention of president at that time Lyndon Johnson. Although there were numerous other marches, speeches, and protest s throughout the time period of the African American Civil Rights movement, the marches from Selma to Montgomery are the most significant. The Selma to Montgomery marches were the most significant but were not one of the first movements but rather one of the last as a culmination of everything that occurred leading up to it. African American progression towards equal rights can be traced back to the 17th century but events leading up to the marches from Selma to Montgomery began in the late 1940s. A powerful andShow MoreRelatedThe African American Civil Right Movement1040 Words   |  5 PagesThe African American Civil right movement in the late 1950’s and throughout the 1960’s was a powerful fight for equal opportunities to the basic rights and privileges outlined by the US government. During this movement thousands of African American individuals and those who believed in the power of the movement, battled against the piercing white supremacy through various tactics including grass root movements. The grass root movements in the 60’s was characterized by organizations of individualsRead MoreThe African American Civil Rights Movement1450 Words   |  6 PagesThe African American civil rights movement was a long journey for African American nationwide. The success involved many people, hardships and time in order to advance the African American community in America. The purpose of the movement was to achieve their rights, cease discrimination, and racial segregation. During the start of the African American civil rights movement, Africans Americans still were faced with Jim Crow laws which segregated them from whites. Under the Jim Crow laws AfricanRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement1260 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans have fought for equality for a long period of time against desegregation and racism. It was an era where blacks couldn’t have the same rights as a white individual. African American were treated with hate and anger. The Civil Rights Movement is embodied in dramatic recorded speeches. Speeches like â€Å"I have A Dream†, the â€Å"Black Revolution†, and â€Å"Black Power’ and Coalition Politics. These speeches were written by great leaders. Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, and Bayard RustingRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement1624 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the early 1950’s and 1960’s, the civil rights movement defined how African Americ ans progressed from being considered second class citizens to a unified demographic who became more endowed to handle the high tensions between them and the white segregationists. After World War II, protests began to rise between the 1950’s and 1960’s. The large number of blacks that served in the military or worked in the war industry saw that they had a greater place in the world than they had been given inRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement1623 Words   |  7 Pages African Americans were brought to America during the colonial days by Britain, before the civil war, as slaves. They were the foundation of slave economy, being auctioned off and sold, with no thought given to their opinions, families, or lives. Throughout American history, African Americans have slowly fought their way towards where they are today. Their fight has developed into the Civil Rights Movement in the 1900s. Many historians would agree that the start of the Civil Rights Movement happenedRead MoreThe African American Civil Rights Movement756 Words   |  4 PagesAnother significant circumstance was the African-American civil rights movement in US in those years. Until the age of eighteen, he had never thought about ethnicity or cultural differences. After 1968, African-American movement turned to be seen in Milwaukee. He met with Father Grouppi*, but he did not support him and his followers. For a long time, he had not appreciated the African American civil rights movemen t. Moreover, he would think that this movement aggravates the racial segregation in societyRead MoreAfrican American Civil Rights Movement1594 Words   |  7 Pagesblack power movement in American Civil Rights Movement. Violence is a physical force intended to hurt someone. Politics is a platform where the wellbeing is thought for the citizens and in America the politics and laws have been placed in order for the betterment of the American citizens. In this essay I will unravel many factors arguing whether violence is legitimate or whether it is a mean that is necessary to a more equal nation mostly focusing on the American Civil Rights movement and the blackRead MoreAfrican American Civil Rights Movement1525 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing World War I, a new, militant spirit of resistance and activism burgeoned among African-American citizens across the United States. Empowered by the sense that blacks had played a crucial role in the conflict, the descendants of freedmen returned home to fight for their own rights only to find persecution; this dire situation called for immediate, decisive action. During the interwar years, African Americans in the southwest Georgia Black Belt fought for community empowerment and, through theRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement Essay2200 Words   |  9 Pagesequal rights. A perfect example of racial brutality was the summer of 1955 when Emmett Till was brutally murdered by two white men. This murder case promptly seized the attention of millions and modified the history of the United States. The Emmett Till murder case established itself as a defining event in the United States history because it became a spark to the Civil Rights movement, transformed people’s hearts and minds into realizing how dangerous segregation was, and it proved how African AmericansRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement1531 Words   |  7 Pagesstates for African Americans in the 1960, although it has been nearly 100 years since the Emancipation Proclamation. African Americans were still segregated from classrooms, restrooms, theatres, etc. due to â€Å"Jim Crow† laws; and in 1954, the â€Å"separate but equalà ¢â‚¬  doctrine was struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court. For hundreds of years African Americans fought for their civil rights, desegregation, and basic human rights. One significant movement in history that was major for the Civil Rights Movement

The Racism of “Diversity” Free Essays

This summary was from an article entitled â€Å"The Racism of Diversity† written by Peter Schwartz on December 15, 2003. It was taken from Capitalism Magazine made available in the internet, the URL of which is http://www.capmag. We will write a custom essay sample on The Racism of â€Å"Diversity† or any similar topic only for you Order Now com/article.asp?ID=3399. The author is the chairman of the board of directors of the Ayn Rand Institute. The aforementioned article dealt specifically on the distinction of racism vis-à  -vis diversity in the school setting particularly in universities and colleges. Many school administrations have differing views about diversity and racism bringing along a positive and negative connotations depending upon how one interprets it. But the bottom line is, diversity can be constructive if it suggests integration of races in order to learn and understand the races of other people. However, it is said to be destructive if diversity â€Å"propagates all the evils inherent in racism† as stated by Schwartz in his paper. Along this line, the admission of multi-racial enrollees in an educational institution may have interesting and disparaging effects for contrasting races or skin color. Because of the mixing of races in one school, racial division is highly emphasized thereby causing segregation of residence halls, cafeterias, and organizations. Diversity in this sense is not helpful to solve the problem of inter-tribal conflict but instead underscores the differences between races. On the other hand, diversity is also deemed to be an excellent learning method inside the school to rule out individualism and foster unity and understanding. It provides a channel in which a race can express itself for the alien tribes to appreciate the ethnicity of a certain group of people because it is believed that one’s colors determines one’s ideas and perspectives of things in one’s environment. At present, the issue of â€Å"color-blindness† or being non-discriminative in terms of skin color remains a controversial issue in universities and colleges. â€Å"Diversity† advocates are moving toward better grasp of this subject matter, however, the long-time history of racial discrimination has indoctrinated and passed on from one generation to another. One’s bloodline speaks louder than words despite the fact that it is not a person’s fault to be born in a particular race whether one is brown-eyed or green-eyed. The sole purpose of this paper is to remind the readers that racial diversities are still existent among our learning institutions and it has tremendous effects on students and on how they deal and treat one another. Education through diversity is very ideal but very hard to comprehend because of things that cannot be changed. This change does not take overnight to be materialized, but it takes further orientation, education and re-orientation to instill its importance in the hearts and minds of people. How to cite The Racism of â€Å"Diversity†, Papers

on Evolution Essay Example For Students

on Evolution Essay Essay on EvolutionThere are many mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. One of themost important mechanism in evolution is natural selection which is thedifferential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting fromthe interaction of organisms with their environment. Natural selection occurswhen a environment makes a individual adapt to that certain environment byvariations that arise by mutation and genetic recombination. Also it favorscertain traits in a individual than other traits so that these favored traitswill be presented in the next generation. Another mechanism of evolution isgenetic drift. Genetic drift is a random change in a small gene pool due tosampling errors in propagation of alleles or chance. Genetic drift dependsgreatly on the size of the gene pool. If the gene pool is large, the better itwill represent the gene pool of the previous generation. If it is small, itsgene pool may not be accurately represented in the next generation due tosampli ng error. Genetic drift usually occurs in small populations that containless than 100 individuals, but in large populations drift may have nosignificant effect on the population. Another mechanism is gene flow which iswhen a population may gain or lose alleles by the migration of fertileindividuals between populations. This may cause the allele frequencies in a genepool to change and allow the organism to evolve. The most obvious mechanismwould have to be mutation that arises in the gene pool of a population orindividual. It is also the original source of the genetic variation that servesas raw material for natural selection. Not only are there mechanisms of evolution, but there is also evidenceto prove that these mechanisms are valid and have helped create the geneticvariety of species that exists today. Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is oneexample of evolutionary evidence. In the 1950s, Japanese physicians realizedthat a antibiotic given to patients who had a infection that caused severediarrhea was not responding. Many years later, scientists found out that acertain strain of bacteria called Shigella contained the specific gene thatconferred antibiotic resistance. Some bacteria had genes that coded for enzymesthat specifically destroyed certain antibiotics such as ampicillin. From thisincident, scientists were able to deduce that natural selection helped thebacteria to inherit the genes for antibiotic resistance. Scientists have also been able to use biochemistry as a source ofevidence. The comparison of genes of two species is the most direct measure ofcommon inheritance from shared ancestors. Using DNA-DNA hybridization, wholegenomes can be compared by measuring the extent of hydrogen bonding betweensingle-stranded DNA obtained from two sources. The similarity of the two genescan be seen by how tightly the DNA of one specie bonds to the DNA of the otherspecie. Many taxonomic debates have been answered using this method such aswhether flamingos are more closely related to storks or geese. This methodcompared the DNA of the flamingo to be more closely related to the DNA of thestork than the geese. The only disadvantage of this method is that it does notgive precise information about the matchup in specific nucleotide sequences ofthe DNA which restriction mapping does. This technique uses restriction enzymesthat recognizes a specific sequence of a few nucleotides and cleaves DNAwherever such s equences are found in the genome. Then the DNA fragments areseparated by electrophoresis and compared to the other DNA fragments of theother species. This technique has been used to compare mtDNA from people ofseveral different ethnicitys to find out that the human species originated fromAfrica. The most precise and powerful method for comparing DNA from two speciesis DNA sequencing which determines the nucleotide sequences of entire DNAsegments that have been cloned by recombinant DNA techniques. This type ofcomparison tells us exactly how much divergence there has been in the evolutionof two genes derived from the same ancestral gene. In 1990, a team ofresearchers used PCR(polymerase chain reaction) a new technique to compare ashort piece of ancient DNA to homologous DNA from a certain plant. Scientistshave also compared the proteins between different species such as in bats anddolphins. .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .postImageUrl , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:hover , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:visited , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:active { border:0!important; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:active , .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u06b953cad70ae93d6d87108cfc6ae29e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Harry Potter And The Prisoner Of Azkaban EssayThe oldest type of evidence has been the fossil record which are thehistorical documents of biology. They are preserved remnants found insedimentary rocks and are preserved by a process called pretrification. Tocompare fossils the ages must be determined first by relative dating. Fossilsare preserved in strata, rock forms